What is it about?
The biological behavior of ameloblastoma is characterized by local invasiveness and increased recurrence rates, if not removed adequately. Solid ameloblastoma demonstrates a more invasive behavior and higher recurrence rates compared to the unicystic type. The involvement of the molecular triad OPG, RANKL and TRAIL in bone pathology has been investigated in neoplastic and other jaw tumors and a significant association with the clinical behavior of these lesions has been found. Our study showed a significantly increased expression of the OPG in solid tumors and a higher OPG expression over RANKL in most of the solid compared to the unicystic ameloblastomas. OPG except of the anti resorptive effect may also be involved in the inhibition of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Our results suggest a molecular mechanism for a possible prevalence of the OPG/TRAIL over the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway resulting in inactivation of TRAIL-induced apoptosis in ameloblastic cells in solid ameloblastomas.
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Why is it important?
The OPG, RANKL and TRAIL concentrations and their interactions within the tumor microenvironment seem to determine the manner by which ameloblastoma is expanded in the jaws. Apoptosis inhibition additionally to RANKL-induced osteoclast formation may be involved in the bone resorption pathophysiology, and may underlies a potentially higher local aggressive behavior in the solid compared to the cystic ameloblastoma type.
Perspectives
The aforementioned hypothesis, not by immunohistochemical evaluation alone but by, could be confirmed giving light inside the underlying . Molecular studies studies are necessary to examine whether the evaluation of these bone remodeling molecules can be used as possible predictive markers for the biologic behavior among the different clinical types and histological variants of ameloblastoma. Future drug development for possible use in prior to the therapeutic surgical approaches in ameloblastoma or/and improve the recurrence rates should consider the potential to enhance TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Professor Evanthia Chrysomali
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: A comparative study of bone remodeling molecules expression in different types of jaw ameloblastoma, Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine, September 2014, Wiley,
DOI: 10.1111/jop.12263.
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