Secondary pollen presentation attracted more varieties of pollinators for plants.

What is it about?

The presentation of pollen to insects affects pollen transfer efficiency and significantly influences the reproductive success of plant species. Secondary pollen presentation (SPP), which relocated pollen from the anthers to other floral organs for presentation to pollinators, has selective advantages to convert ineffective visitors into pollinators and help plants to survive in fluctuant environments.

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Photo by Ryan Graybill on Unsplash

Photo by Ryan Graybill on Unsplash

Why is it important?

Our results provide the first comprehensive empirical evidence that secondary pollen presentation has selective advantages in addition to increasing pollination accuracy. Reproductive assurance via increasing pollinator reliability may be a main selective advantage for pistillate SPP. Moreover, these results would illuminate more broadly the evolution of SPP and herkogamy.