Progression of Artificial Pancreas Device System Development with Preliminary Comparison between Two Models for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) Patients

What is it about?

There is vast research for T1DM management using a variety of diabetic models which help regulate the BGL to deliver the correct amount of insulin. Amongst the diabetic models which have relative ease to be used are the UVA/PADOVA simulator and the Hovorka model. Nevertheless, a comparison between the UVA/PADOVA simulator and the Hovorka model with virtual data from UVA/PADOVA simulator is unavailable. This study uses a quantitative method by collecting data for T1DM patients in UVA/PADOVA simulator for 3 virtual patients. The diabetic model using Hovorka equations via MATLAB R2022a were simulated to run the T1DM patient’s data for carbohydrates consumed during breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

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Why is it important?

This study acts as a preliminary effort to compare in-silico work from the Hovorka model to the UVA/PADOVA simulator for output results of BGL and optimum insulin injection to keep the normoglycemic condition for T1DM patients. The results show that the BGL versus time graph using the Hovorka model with the numerical method such as Runge-Kutta and Euler methods gave a higher peak point for patients in BGL for the Hovorka model and UVA/PADOVA simulator. The data for each patient was similar to each other. The trend of the BGL level for the Hovorka model reduces steadily after insulin injection during a meal consumed by T1DM patients. The amount of insulin injection was identified by trial and error to get a normoglycemic condition. In conclusion, the Hovorka model is a simple method that can be used by T1DM to control their BGL.