A visual scoping review of how knowledge graphs and search engine results page designs represent uncertainty and disagreement

What is it about?

Search engines mediate our access to information via their presentation of results into 'search engine results pages' (SERPs). In many contexts, information is uncertain, or/and subject to different perspectives or disagreement. It's important people are able to navigate this uncertainty and disagreement, to inform their decision making. However, these features are not common in SERPs, and it is not clear what approaches for this representation have been taken in prior research or available tools. This paper reviews those approaches, highlighting challenges and proposing some design principles for future SERPs.

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