Residual stresses in steel members

What is it about?

Besides aiming at clarifying structural designers and researchers about the possible ways of modelling residual stresses when performing finite element analysis (FEA), the purpose of this paper is to provide an effective literature review of the longitudinal membrane residual stress analytical expressions for carbon steel non-heavy sections, covering a vast range of structural shapes (plates, I, H, L, T, cruciform, SHS, RHS and LSB) and fabrication processes (hot-rolling, welding and cold-forming).

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Why is it important?

Longitudinal membrane residual stress are those often required as input of FEA of steel members since the other types are approximately accounted for through the stress - strain curves of coupons cut from member walls. One of the most challenging aspects in FEA aimed to simulate the real behaviour of steel members, is the modelling of residual stresses.