Determinants of diversification by cocoa smallholders in Sulawesi

What is it about?

Cocoa smallholder livelihoods in Indonesia are threatened by declining productivity. We evaluated potential household determinants and benefits of on- and off-farm diversification in 116 cocoa-growing households and found that off-farm self-employment significantly improved household welfare. However, while formal credit was a key determinant of self-employed business, access to credit was restricted in most households.

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