Irrigation Network Requirements for Watering Urban Green Space in Semiarid Region

What is it about?

The presence of green spaces in cities is a vital thing as it contributes to raising the quality of urban life, increasing environmental diversity, improving the social aspect of the individual and society, increasing economic income and adding an aesthetic aspect to cities. In this work, a powerful design steps of drip and sprinkler irrigation networks is presented to watering an area about 300m^2of green space at semiarid region in Algeria. The first step consists of the hydraulic sizing of drip irrigation system for different dripper flow (from 4 l⁄h to 23 l⁄h), the next step concerned the sprinkler irrigation using two models of sprinkler the first one is IPN-5-F characterized by radius 1.5m, flow 0.09 m^3⁄h and arc 360°and the second one is IPN-12H characterized by radius 3m. The dripper with flow 15l/h and the sprinkler 12’ are the suitable in terms of the irrigation hours and the energy requirement to run the solar pump. The values of irrigation frequency in drip and sprinkler irrigation are closed from 1 for drip to two days for sprinkler, in other hand the flow rate in drip irrigation network is negligent comparing with sprinkler irrigation network. In these conditions, it is useful to install only one pump with the greater debit for the two networks of irrigation using pressure reducer in manifold pipes of drip irrigation network.

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Why is it important?

The design of the smart irrigation system considers the selection of the irrigation method, the crop, the soil, and the shape of the green space. The following points are the most important criteria to be considered:  Excessive pressure allows the water to be dispersed into a fine mist, which facilitates the process of evaporation and imbalance in distribution. At the same time, weak pressure leads to water flow, poor distribution, and loss of large quantities of it.  Effects of temperature and wind on sprinkler irrigation in terms of evaporation and distribution.  It is recommended to use flat areas or re-level them with a slight slope of 2%.

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