Catalyst Control: Navigating Competing Pathways on Metal Surfaces

What is it about?

During chemical reactions on metal catalysts, molecules can follow many different paths to form different products. In the case of converting oximes into useful amines, this process can lead to both desired and undesired outcomes, depending on how the intermediate species behave on the catalyst surface. This study explores how these competing reaction pathways can be understood and selectively controlled. By carefully designing the catalyst—changing the metal, its structure, or additives—we can 'tame' the reaction network, choosing pathways that favor the formation of primary amines over unwanted byproducts like secondary amines or nitriles. The work combines experiments with structural models from crystallography to provide a clearer picture of what happens on the molecular level during these reactions.

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Photo by Victor on Unsplash

Photo by Victor on Unsplash

Why is it important?

This work offers a rare, detailed glimpse into the complex network of surface-bound intermediates involved in oxime hydrogenation. Rather than assuming a single route from reactant to product, it uncovers a branching network of possibilities that unfold on the catalyst surface. The ability to steer the reaction along one path over another—simply by tweaking catalyst properties—has major implications for designing more efficient, selective, and sustainable processes in industrial amine production. The insights gained here extend beyond oximes, offering a broader framework for understanding and controlling surface-catalyzed transformations.

Perspectives