What is it about?
This article presents a hybrid workflow that combines AI‑generated images (StyleGAN‑3) with a low‑cost, open‑hardware CNC plotter called “Gorosito” to materialize digital art on paper. It is validated using visual metrics and a comparison with a commercial CNC machine, showing that each print introduces material variations that make every piece unique
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Photo by Growtika on Unsplash
Why is it important?
The work offers an accessible open‑hardware alternative that connects generative AI with digital fabrication for art, achieving 0.045 mm precision and around 34% cost savings compared with similar commercial solutions. It also argues that variability in the physical trace reopens current debates on authorship, authenticity, and aura in digital art, since each “copy” becomes a singular artwork
Perspectives
As an author, I wanted to show that a machine does not have to replace the artist, but can act as a collaborator. Designing Gorosito as open hardware was a deliberate choice so any creative‑code lab can reproduce and modify it, exploring how small changes in tool, pressure, and speed transform the same digital file into physically unrepeatable works.
Marcelo Fraile
Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
Read the Original
This page is a summary of: Between machines and art: The impact of CNC technology on artistic creation, Array, September 2025, Elsevier,
DOI: 10.1016/j.array.2025.100466.
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