Predicting Police Outcomes in Domestic Abuse Cases: The Role of Victim, Suspect, and Crime Factors

What is it about?

This study analyses domestic violence and abuse (DVA) cases reported to a large English police force between 2018 and 2020. It explores how victim, suspect, and crime characteristics influence police case outcomes, particularly charge rates, case attrition, and decisions not to prosecute despite victim support. The research identifies that most suspects are not charged, with relationship type, age, and crime type playing key roles in case outcomes. The study highlights the complexity of DVA policing, including underreporting, victim withdrawal, and inconsistencies in legal definitions.

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Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on Unsplash

Photo by Tingey Injury Law Firm on Unsplash

Why is it important?

The findings show that DVA cases have a low charge rate and a high rate of victim withdrawal, with some crimes (like RASSO) being more affected than others. High victim attrition rates indicate the need for improved support systems to encourage victims to follow through with cases. Policies should focus on reducing barriers to reporting and ensuring victims feel heard and protected. The research suggests that younger suspects and repeat offenders are key groups for intervention. This underscores the need for better police training to handle cases sensitively and effectively. Tailored programmes could help prevent reoffending and break cycles of abuse. Lastly, the study also suggests that the legal definition of DVA in England and Wales may be too narrow, as police often flag cases that do not strictly meet current criteria. Expanding legal definitions could ensure better protection for victims, including younger individuals.