This article studies the impact of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and C-reactive protein (CRP) on the occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to explore whether there is a synergistic pathogenic effect between them, providing a basis for identifying high-risk populations. The study is based on long-term follow-up data of 31,935 employees of the Kailuan Group, grouped by the median levels of TyG and CRP at baseline, and analyzes the risk of NAFLD occurrence using the Kaplan-Meier method and the multivariate Cox regression model. The results show that with the increase of TyG and CRP levels, the cumulative incidence of NAFLD significantly rises, with the highest risk in the group with TyG≥8.42 and CRP≥0.60 mg/L (HR=1.54), indicating a synergistic effect. The innovation lies in the first systematic evaluation of the combined predictive value of TyG and CRP for NAFLD, revealing the important mechanism of the interaction between metabolic abnormalities and chronic inflammation in the occurrence of NAFLD. In addition, the large sample size and long follow-up time of the study enhance the reliability of the results. This finding is helpful for the early screening and intervention of high-risk populations in clinical practice, and has important public health significance.