This study explores the efficacy and safety of coloprevir combined with sofosbuvir ± ribavirin in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, which has important clinical significance. The study included 253 patients, and the results showed that the overall SVR12 (virus clearance rate 12 weeks after treatment) reached 92.09%, with 93.02% in the CLC group and 91.02% in the CHC group, indicating that the scheme has high antiviral efficacy in patients with different conditions. Multivariate analysis showed that age and a history of HCC were independent factors affecting SVR12, suggesting the need to strengthen monitoring of high-risk populations. In addition, the ALT, AST, TBil, and liver stiffness (LSM) of patients after treatment were significantly improved, indicating that liver function and fibrosis were significantly alleviated. In terms of safety, adverse reactions were mainly fatigue (17.39%) and nausea (2.37%), most of which were mild and could be self-resolved, with only 1.58% serious adverse events, and no patients discontinued treatment due to this, indicating good tolerance of the scheme. The research results support the effectiveness and safety of the combined scheme in the real world, providing data support for individualized clinical treatment.