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  1. When autocratization is reversed: episodes of U-Turns since 1900

    Article • Democratization, January 2025, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  2. State of the world 2023: democracy winning and losing at the ballot

    Article • Democratization, April 2024, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  3. Conceptual and Measurement Issues in Assessing Democratic Backsliding

    Article • PS Political Science & Politics, January 2024, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  4. Can Democracy Limit Corruption?

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2024, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  5. Episodes of regime transformation

    Article • Journal of Peace Research, July 2023, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  6. Walking the Talk: How to Identify Anti-Pluralist Parties

    Article • Party Politics, May 2023, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  7. State of the world 2022: defiance in the face of autocratization

    Article • Democratization, April 2023, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  8. The Forum: Global Challenges to Democracy? Perspectives on Democratic Backsliding

    Article • International Studies Review, April 2023, Oxford University Press (OUP)

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  9. How democracies prevail: democratic resilience as a two-stage process

    Article • January 2023, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  10. Clientelism, corruption and the rule of law

    Article • World Development, October 2022, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  11. Why Democracies Develop and Decline

    Article • June 2022, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  12. Episodes of liberalization in autocracies: a new approach to quantitatively studying democratization

    Article • Political Science Research and Methods, June 2022, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  13. State of the world 2021: autocratization changing its nature?

    Article • Democratization, May 2022, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  14. B io ‐D em , a tool to explore the relationship between biodiversity data availability and socio‐political conditions in time and space

    Article • Journal of Biogeography, September 2021, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  15. Assessing Data Quality: An Approach and An Application

    Article • Political Analysis, September 2021, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  16. The Institutional Order of Liberalization

    Article • British Journal of Political Science, August 2021, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  17. Explaining Subnational Regime Variation: Country-Level Factors

    Article • Comparative Politics, July 2021, Comparative Politics

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  18. State of the world 2020: autocratization turns viral

    Article • Democratization, May 2021, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  19. Waves of autocratization and democratization: a rejoinder

    Article • Democratization, May 2021, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  20. How democracies prevail: democratic resilience as a two-stage process

    Article • Democratization, April 2021, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  21. Constitutional Reform and the Gender Diversification of Peak Courts

    Article • American Political Science Review, March 2021, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  22. The Matthew effect in political science: head start and key reforms important for democratization

    Article • Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, September 2020, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  23. Explaining the homogeneous diffusion of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions across heterogeneous countries

    Article • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, August 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

    Abiel Sebhatu, Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  24. Data for Politics: Creating an International Research Infrastructure Measuring Democracy

    Article • Patterns, July 2020, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  25. State of the world 2019: autocratization surges – resistance grows

    Article • Democratization, May 2020, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  26. Exploring the impact of political regimes on biodiversity

    Article • February 2020, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  27. Varieties of Democracy

    Article • January 2020, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  28. On revolutions

    Article • Palgrave Communications, January 2020, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  29. Parties, Civil Society, and the Deterrence of Democratic Defection

    Article • Studies in Comparative International Development, December 2019, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  30. Institutionalising electoral uncertainty and authoritarian regime survival

    Article • European Journal of Political Research, September 2019, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  31. Why Low Levels of Democracy Promote Corruption and High Levels Diminish It

    Article • Political Research Quarterly, July 2019, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  32. Neopatrimonialism and democracy

    Article • July 2019, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  33. The Methodology of “Varieties of Democracy” (V-Dem)1

    Article • Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique, July 2019, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  34. Linking democracy and biodiversity conservation: Empirical evidence and research gaps

    Article • AMBIO, June 2019, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  35. State of the world 2018: democracy facing global challenges

    Article • Democratization, May 2019, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  36. A third wave of autocratization is here: what is new about it?

    Article • Democratization, March 2019, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  37. Beyond Democracy-Dictatorship Measures: A New Framework Capturing Executive Bases of Power, 1789–2016

    Article • Perspectives on Politics, February 2019, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  38. Sequential Requisites Analysis: A New Method for Analyzing Sequential Relationships in Ordinal Data*

    Article • Social Science Quarterly, February 2019, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  39. Elections in Hard Times: Building Stronger Democracies in the 21st Century. By Thomas Edward Flores and Ifran Nooruddin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. 294p. $93.99 cloth, $29.99 paper.

    Article • Perspectives on Politics, August 2018, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  40. Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017

    Article • Studies in Comparative International Development, July 2018, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  41. Democracy and backsliding trends in the world with focus on last 10 years.

    Article • Democratization, June 2018, Taylor & Francis

    Sirianne Dahlum, Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg, Laura Maxwell

  42. The Accountability Sequence: from De-Jure to De-Facto Constraints on Governments

    Article • Studies in Comparative International Development, May 2018, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  43. Economic development and democracy: An electoral connection

    Article • European Journal of Political Research, April 2018, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  44. Democracy for All: Conceptualizing and Measuring Egalitarian Democracy

    Article • Political Science Research and Methods, April 2018, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  45. Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes

    Article • Politics and Governance, March 2018, Cogitatio

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  46. Party Strength and Economic Growth

    Article • World Politics, March 2018, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  47. Investigating Sequences in Ordinal Data: A New Approach With Adapted Evolutionary Models

    Article • Political Science Research and Methods, March 2018, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  48. Cabinets, Prime Ministers, and Corruption: A Comparative Analysis of Parliamentary Governments in Post-War Europe

    Article • Political Studies, February 2018, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  49. When and where do elections matter? A global test of the democratization by elections hypothesis, 1900–2010

    Article • Democratization, September 2017, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  50. The Power of Elections

    Article • July 2017, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  51. Women’s Political Empowerment: A New Global Index, 1900–2012

    Article • World Development, June 2017, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  52. Making Embedded Knowledge Transparent: How the V-Dem Dataset Opens New Vistas in Civil Society Research

    Article • Perspectives on Politics, June 2017, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  53. Women's rights in democratic transitions: A global sequence analysis, 1900–2012

    Article • European Journal of Political Research, March 2017, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  54. Trust in parliament

    Article • Journal of Public Affairs, February 2017, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  55. Democracy in crisis? A study of various dimensions and sources of support for democracy

    Article • Journal of Public Affairs, February 2017, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  56. How Much Democratic Backsliding?

    Article • Journal of Democracy, January 2017, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  57. From de-jure to de-facto

    Article • January 2017, World Bank

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  58. Measuring high level democratic principles using the V-Dem data

    Article • International Political Science Review, June 2016, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  59. Strategies of Validation: Assessing the Varieties of Democracy Corruption Data

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2016, Elsevier

    Dan Pemstein, Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  60. Civil Society, Party Institutionalization, and Democratic Breakdown in the Interwar Period

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2016, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  61. Measuring Electoral Democracy with V-Dem Data: Introducing a New Polyarchy Index

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2016, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  62. ORDINAL VERSIONS OF V-DEM’S INDICES: WHEN INTERVAL MEASURES ARE NOT USEFUL FOR CLASSIFICATION, DESCRIPTION, AND SEQUENCING ANALYSIS PURPOSES

    Article • Geopolitics History and International Relations, January 2016, Addleton Academic Publishers

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  63. When Guardians Matter Most: Exploring the Conditions Under Which Electoral Management Body Institutional Design Affects Election Integrity

    Article • Irish Political Studies, October 2015, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  64. A convergent uptake route for peptide- and polymer-based nucleotide delivery systems

    Article • Journal of Controlled Release, May 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  65. From Sticks to Carrots: Electoral Manipulation in Africa, 1986–2012

    Article • Government and Opposition, April 2015, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  66. Economic Development and Democracy: An Electoral Connection

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  67. Electoral Democracy and Human Development

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  68. Institutional Subsystems and the Survival of Democracy: Do Political and Civil Society Matter?

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  69. Investigating Sequences in Ordinal Data: A New Approach with Adapted Evolutionary Models

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  70. Legislative Powers and Executive Corruption

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  71. Measuring High Level Democratic Principles Using the V-Dem Data

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  72. Measuring Political Participation in Southern Europe: The Varieties of Democracy Approach

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  73. No Democratic Transition Without Women's Rights: A Global Sequence Analysis 1900-2012

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  74. Ordinal Versions of V-Dem's Indices: For Classification, Description, Sequencing Analysis and Other Purposes

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  75. Party Strength and Economic Growth

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  76. The Index of Egalitarian Democracy and its Components: V-Dem's Conceptualization and Measurement

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  77. The Structure of the Executive in Authoritarian and Democratic Regimes: Regime Dimensions Across the Globe, 1900-2014

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  78. The Varieties of Democracy Core Civil Society Index

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  79. Varieties of Democratic Diffusion: Colonial Networks

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  80. Vote Buying is a Good Sign: Alternate Tactics of Fraud in Africa 1986-2012

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  81. When and Where Do Elections Matter? A Global Test of the Democratization by Elections Hypothesis, 1900-2012

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  82. Women's Political Empowerment: A New Global Index, 1900-2012

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2015, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  83. V-Dem: A New Way to Measure Democracy

    Article • Journal of Democracy, January 2014, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  84. Vote Buying is a Good Sign!

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2014, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  85. Mapping accountability: core concept and subtypes

    Article • International Review of Administrative Sciences, June 2013, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  86. What Drives the Swing Voter in Africa?

    Article • American Journal of Political Science, April 2013, Wiley

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  87. Can Efficient Institutions Induce Cooperation Among Low Trust Agents?

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2013, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  88. Confusing Categories, Shifting Targets

    Article • Journal of Democracy, January 2013, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  89. Legislators and Variation in Quality of Government

    Article • July 2012, Edward Elgar Publishing

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  90. Have the cake and eat it

    Article • Party Politics, February 2012, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  91. Varieties of Democracy Project Description

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2012, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  92. Effective Opposition Strategies: Collective Goods or Clientelism?

    Article • Democratization, October 2011, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  93. Conceptualizing and Measuring Democracy: A New Approach

    Article • Perspectives on Politics, June 2011, Cambridge University Press

    Dr Matthew Kroenig, Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  94. The Demand Side of Politics in Africa

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2011, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  95. Dominant Political Parties and Democracy

    Article • June 2010, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  96. What accountability pressures do MPs in Africa face and how do they respond? Evidence from Ghana

    Article • The Journal of Modern African Studies, February 2010, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  97. Narrowing the Legitimacy Gap: Turnovers as a Cause of Democratic Consolidation

    Article • The Journal of Politics, October 2009, University of Chicago Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  98. A Mixed Record

    Article • Journal of Democracy, January 2009, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  99. Co-optation Despite Democratization in Ghana

    Article • SSRN Electronic Journal, January 2009, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  100. Democracy and Elections in Africa, Staffan I. Lindberg

    Article • Africa Today, September 2008, Indiana University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  101. Democracy and Elections in Africa by Staffan I. Lindberg Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006. Pp. xiii+227. £36.50 (hb), £16.50 (pb).

    Article • The Journal of Modern African Studies, August 2008, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  102. Does Democratization Reduce the Risk of Military Interventions in Politics in Africa?

    Article • Democratization, February 2008, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  103. Are African Voters Really Ethnic or Clientelistic? Survey Evidence from Ghana

    Article • Political Science Quarterly, January 2008, Oxford University Press (OUP)

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  104. Democracy and Elections in Africa

    Article • History Reviews of New Books, July 2007, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  105. Democracy and Elections in Africa by Staffan I. Lindberg

    Article • Political Science Quarterly, January 2007, Oxford University Press (OUP)

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  106. Institutionalization of Party Systems? Stability and Fluidity among Legislative Parties in Africa's Democracies

    Article • Government and Opposition, January 2007, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  107. Opposition parties and democratisation in sub-Saharan Africa

    Article • Journal of Contemporary African Studies, January 2006, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  108. The Surprising Significance of African Elections

    Article • Journal of Democracy, January 2006, Project Muse

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  109. Exploring voter alignments in Africa: core and swing voters in Ghana

    Article • The Journal of Modern African Studies, October 2005, Cambridge University Press

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  110. Consequences of electoral systems in Africa: a preliminary inquiry

    Article • Electoral Studies, March 2005, Elsevier

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  111. The Democratic Qualities of Competitive Elections: Participation, Competition and Legitimacy in Africa

    Article • Commonwealth and Comparative Politics, March 2004, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  112. Women’s empowerment and democratization: The effects of electoral systems, participation, and experience in Africa

    Article • Studies in Comparative International Development, March 2004, Springer Science + Business Media

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  113. 'It's Our Time to "Chop"': Do Elections in Africa Feed Neo-Patrimonialism rather than Counter-Act It?

    Article • Democratization, May 2003, Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  114. Forms of States, Governance, and Regimes: Reconceptualizing the Prospects for Democratic Consolidation in Africa

    Article • International Political Science Review, April 2001, SAGE Publications

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg

  115. The Power of Elections

    Article • Taylor & Francis

    Professor/Director Staffan I Lindberg