All Stories

  1. A new way to improve spring forecasts of ENSO

    Article • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, March 2026, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

    Sen Zhao, Zepeng Mei

  2. ENSO Recharge Oscillator Theory Integrating the Southward Wind Shift

    Article • March 2026, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  3. Rossby wave phase tracing and its application to the structure of the Pacific–Japan teleconnection

    Article • March 2026, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  4. ENSO cycles mostly after extreme El Niño events

    Article • March 2026, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  5. Noise-induced ENSO supercriticality due to greenhouse warming and implications for climate memory

    Article • March 2026, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  6. Climate mode interactions amplify coastal flood risks and their seasonal predictability

    Article • Nature Geoscience, January 2026, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  7. Global climate mode resonance due to rapidly intensifying El Niño-Southern Oscillation

    Article • Nature Communications, October 2025, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  8. ENSO Predictability from Combined Wyrtki and Hasselmann Memory in a Cyclostationary Linear Inverse Model

    Article • October 2025, Wiley

    Sen Zhao

  9. Anthropogenic forcing drives equatorward migration of heatwave locations across continents

    Article • Nature Communications, September 2025, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  10. More frequent El Niño events due to climate mitigation

    Article • Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, June 2025, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

    Dr. Tomoik Iwakiri, Sen Zhao

  11. Contrast and Predictability of Island‐Scale El Niño Influences on Hawaii Wave Climate

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, April 2025, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  12. Drivers of Marine Heatwaves in a Changing Climate

    Article • March 2025, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  13. Seasonal predictability of coastal risks from climate modes compounded effects

    Article • March 2025, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  14. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Recharge Oscillator Conceptual Model: Achievements and Future Prospects

    Article • Reviews of Geophysics, March 2025, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  15. Asymmetric response of Sri Lanka Northeast Monsoon rainfall to El Niño/La Niña

    Article • Climate Dynamics, January 2025, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  16. Cross-equatorial extension of the Pacific-South American wave train enabled by Southeastern South American rainfall

    Article • Climate Dynamics, November 2024, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  17. Drivers of future extratropical sea surface temperature variability changes in the North Pacific

    Article • npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, July 2024, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  18. Explainable El Niño predictability from climate mode interactions

    Article • Nature, June 2024, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  19. Synergistic Effect of El Niño and Negative Phase of North Atlantic Oscillation on Winter Precipitation in the Southeastern United States

    Article • Journal of Climate, March 2023, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  20. Interdecadal to Multidecadal Variability of East Asian Summer Monsoon Over the Past Half Millennium

    Article • Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, October 2022, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  21. Roman Warm Period and Late Antique Little Ice Age in an Earth System Model Large Ensemble

    Article • Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, August 2022, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  22. Competing Effects of Eastern and Central‐Western Pacific Winds in the Evolution of the 2017 Extreme Coastal El Niño

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, August 2022, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  23. On the Asymmetry of the Tropical Pacific Thermocline Fluctuation Associated With ENSO Recharge and Discharge

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, June 2022, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  24. Understanding Lead Times of Warm Water Volumes to ENSO Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, October 2021, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  25. Representation of Rossby wave propagation and its effect on the teleconnection between the Indian summer monsoon and extratropical rainfall in the Met Office Unified Model

    Article • Climate Dynamics, September 2021, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  26. ENSO Dynamics in the E3SM-1-0, CESM2, and GFDL-CM4 Climate Models

    Article • Journal of Climate, September 2021, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  27. On the Breakdown of ENSO's Relationship With Thermocline Depth in the Central‐Equatorial Pacific

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, May 2021, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  28. Simple ENSO Models

    Article • October 2020, Wiley

    Michiya Hayashi, Sen Zhao

  29. Longer Duration of the Weak Stratospheric Vortex During Extreme El Niño Events Linked to Spring Eurasian Coldness

    Article • Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, August 2020, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  30. Influence of the Autumn SST in the Southern Pacific Ocean on Winter Precipitation in the North American Monsoon Region

    Article • Atmosphere, August 2020, MDPI AG

    Sen Zhao

  31. Indian Ocean tripole mode and its associated atmospheric and oceanic processes

    Article • Climate Dynamics, June 2020, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  32. Delineating the Seasonally Modulated Nonlinear Feedback Onto ENSO From Tropical Instability Waves

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, April 2020, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  33. A reconstruction of the East Asian summer monsoon index over the half past millennium

    Article • March 2020, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  34. Could the North Pacific Oscillation Be Modified by the Initiation of the East Asian Winter Monsoon?

    Article • Journal of Climate, March 2020, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  35. Improved Predictability of the Indian Ocean Dipole Using a Stochastic Dynamical Model Compared to the North American Multimodel Ensemble Forecast

    Article • Weather and Forecasting, February 2020, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  36. Monopole Mode of Precipitation in East Asia Modulated by the South China Sea Over the Last Four Centuries

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, December 2019, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  37. Improved Predictability of the Indian Ocean Dipole Using Seasonally Modulated ENSO Forcing Forecasts

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, August 2019, American Geophysical Union (AGU)

    Sen Zhao

  38. Effect of El Niño on the response ratio of Hadley circulation to different SST meridional structures

    Article • Climate Dynamics, April 2019, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  39. Polar amplification dominated by local forcing and feedbacks

    Article • Nature Climate Change, November 2018, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  40. Relationship between the Hadley Circulation and Different Tropical Meridional SST Structures during Boreal Summer

    Article • Journal of Climate, August 2018, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  41. Interhemispheric influence of Indo-Pacific convection oscillation on Southern Hemisphere rainfall through southward propagation of Rossby waves

    Article • Climate Dynamics, June 2018, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  42. Modulation of tropical cyclone tracks over the western North Pacific by intra-seasonal Indo-western Pacific convection oscillation during the boreal extended summer

    Article • Climate Dynamics, May 2018, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  43. The Circle Diagram in the Group Velocity Domain for Rossby Wave under the Horizontally Non-Uniform Flow

    Article • SOLA, January 2018, Meteorological Society of Japan

    Sen Zhao

  44. Multi-proxy reconstructions of May–September precipitation field in China over the past 500 years

    Article • Climate of the Past, December 2017, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  45. Two leading modes of the interannual variability in South American surface air temperature during austral winter

    Article • Climate Dynamics, November 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  46. Variations in North Pacific sea surface temperature caused by Arctic stratospheric ozone anomalies

    Article • Environmental Research Letters, November 2017, Institute of Physics Publishing

    Sen Zhao

  47. The Impact of Layer Perturbation Potential Energy on the East Asian Summer Monsoon

    Article • Journal of Climate, September 2017, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  48. The responses of the Hadley circulation to different meridional SST structures in the seasonal cycle

    Article • Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, August 2017, Wiley

    Sen Zhao

  49. Influence of the May Southern annular mode on the South China Sea summer monsoon

    Article • Climate Dynamics, July 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  50. Decadal-scale teleconnection between South Atlantic SST and southeast Australia surface air temperature in austral summer

    Article • Climate Dynamics, June 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  51. The relationship between lower-stratospheric ozone at southern high latitudes and sea surface temperature in the East Asian marginal seas in austral spring

    Article • Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics", June 2017, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  52. Revisiting ENSO/Indian Ocean Dipole phase relationships

    Article • Geophysical Research Letters, March 2017, Wiley

    Sen Zhao

  53. The effects of the Indo-Pacific warm pool on the stratosphere

    Article • Climate Dynamics, March 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  54. Relationships between the extratropical ENSO precursor and leading modes of atmospheric variability in the Southern Hemisphere

    Article • Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, January 2017, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  55. The Relationship between Lower Stratospheric Ozone in the Southern High Latitude and Sea Surface Temperature in the East Asia Marginal Seas

    Article • January 2017, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  56. Multi-proxy reconstructions of precipitation field in China over the past 500 years

    Article • January 2017, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  57. Multi-proxy reconstructions of precipitation field in China over the past 500 years

    Article • January 2017, Copernicus GmbH

    Sen Zhao

  58. Wind rotation characteristics of the upper tropospheric monsoon over the central and eastern tropical Pacific

    Article • Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, October 2016, Taylor & Francis

    Sen Zhao

  59. Does a monsoon circulation exist in the upper troposphere over the central and eastern tropical Pacific?

    Article • Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters, October 2016, Taylor & Francis

    Sen Zhao

  60. Influence of the Summer NAO on the Spring-NAO-Based Predictability of the East Asian Summer Monsoon

    Article • Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, July 2016, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  61. Decadal variability in the occurrence of wintertime haze in central eastern China tied to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation

    Article • Scientific Reports, June 2016, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  62. A statistical downscaling model for summer rainfall over Pakistan

    Article • Climate Dynamics, February 2016, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  63. The spatial distribution of precipitation over the West Qinling region, China, AD 1470–2000

    Article • Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, February 2016, Elsevier

    Sen Zhao

  64. Interdecadal change in the lagged relationship between the Pacific–South American pattern and ENSO

    Article • Climate Dynamics, January 2016, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  65. The Impact of Summertime North Indian Ocean SST on Tropical Cyclone Genesis over the Western North Pacific

    Article • SOLA, January 2016, Meteorological Society of Japan

    Sen Zhao

  66. Remote influence of Atlantic multidecadal variability on Siberian warm season precipitation

    Article • Scientific Reports, November 2015, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  67. Dynamics of an Interhemispheric Teleconnection across the Critical Latitude through a Southerly Duct during Boreal Winter

    Article • Journal of Climate, October 2015, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  68. Interhemispheric Propagation of Stationary Rossby Waves in a Horizontally Nonuniform Background Flow

    Article • Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, August 2015, American Meteorological Society

    Sen Zhao

  69. A multi-proxy reconstruction of spatial and temporal variations in Asian summer temperatures over the last millennium

    Article • Climatic Change, May 2015, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao

  70. Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of ocean waves in the South China Sea during the boreal winter

    Article • Acta Oceanologica Sinica, January 2015, Springer Science + Business Media

    Sen Zhao